Panorama bull elephant and Kilimanjaro

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A lone adult male wanders the plains below Mount Kilimanjaro, the tallest mountain in Africa. This one tusked male is in full musth, the period of heightened sexually activity in a male elephants life. The temporal glands on the side of his head are streaming temporin and he is dribbling large quantities of urine from his genitals. He is clearly advertising the fact that he is in peak condition and prepared to fight other males in order to mate. During his musth period he will cover enormous distances in search of receptive females and over a period of months will gradually lose condition. When out of musth he will retire to his bull area where he will feed and build up his strength and condition once more for the next period of musth at the same time the following year.